Wine enthusiasts are well-acquainted with the allure of Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, Chardonnay, or Moët & Chandon. While enjoying a glass of wine with friends and family, often accompanied by toasts of health and prosperity, is a cherished social custom, excessive alcohol consumption poses significant health risks. Overindulgence can increase the risk of liver disease, heart disease, and even certain types of cancer.
Excessive alcohol consumption is a significant risk factor for a range of health problems, including alcoholic fatty liver, hypertension, stroke, and digestive issues [1]. Liver disease progresses through several stages, starting with fibrosis, which involves the hardening of liver tissues. Stages 1 to 3 of liver fibrosis are reversible with early detection and timely medical intervention. However, Stage 4—cirrhosis—is irreversible and can lead to liver cancer [2].
Some studies have suggested that moderate red wine consumption may offer potential heart health benefits due to the presence of resveratrol, a phenolic compound [3]. This news is highly favored by those who love to drink and often use this as their basis to consume a glass or two daily, increasing their frequency of alcohol consumption. Although there were studies that resveratrol can help in lowering the risk of heart diseases and type 2 diabetes mellites [4], therapeutic dosage can cause quite a substantial impact on our bodies. For example, the therapeutic quantity ranges from 1g to 5g and a standard glass of red wine contains approximately 200mg [3]. To achieve an intake of 2g of resveratrol requires one to consume 10 glasses of wine within a day, exceeding the daily limit of 1 and 2 standard drinks for females and males.
While people tend to associate fatty liver disease with those who drink excessively, non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is a significant health concern that can affect individuals who consume little to no alcohol. This condition is characterised by the accumulation of excess fat within the liver and is often linked to factors such as insulin resistance and obesity [5]. Individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are often advised by their doctors to omit sugar, red meats, highly processed foods such as deli meats, deep-fried foods, and pastries and reduce salt intake [6].
The festive season often brings an increase in alcohol consumption and sugary treats, however we have a choice in deciding the amount that we would like to consume. According to the Health Hub, Ministry of Health Singapore, a maximum of 1 standard serving of alcoholic drink per day is recommended for ladies, and gentlemen should not exceed 2 standard servings of alcoholic drinks per day [7].
You might be tempted to save up your weekly alcohol intake for a festive occasion like a Christmas dinner with friends. However, it’s crucial to remember that binge drinking, defined as consuming excessive amounts of alcohol in a short period, carries significant health risks and is strong discouraged. To gain a better picture of the alcohol content in different types of alcoholic drinks, the infographic below shows the different types of drinks with varying alcohol percentage and their serving sizes [8].
Courtesy from Healthdirect Australia
There you have it – some tips for navigating the festive feast and enjoying a healthy and mindful holiday season.
For personalised dietary guidance for you or your loved ones, you may book an appointment with our team of registered dietitians for a consultation. Cheers!
