3 Must-Know Facts about Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is the 10^th most common cancer affecting 221 women in Singapore yearly[1]. It occurs when there is uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the lining of the cervix.

Dr Elizabeth Au, Senior Consultant, Specialist in Medical Oncology at Icon Cancer Centre answers your frequently asked questions on cervical cancer in this article below.

What is the cause of cervical cancer?

Over 95% of cervical cancers are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infections[2]. Although not hereditary, genetic factors can increase risk, particularly if a first-degree family member has the disease.

What are the signs and symptoms of cervical cancer?

Cervical cancer often remains asymptomatic in its early stages, making early detection difficult. Late-stage symptoms can include:

Vaginal bleeding, between periods, after menopause, or during or after sexual intercourse
Pelvic pain
Pain during sexual intercourse
Unusual vaginal discharge
Prolonged or heavier menstrual periods

How can I guard against cervical cancer?

HPV vaccinations – They safeguard against high-risk HPV strains and are recommended for women aged between 9 and 26. They are more effective when administered prior to initial sexual exposure.

Regular screenings – For women aged 25 and above, pap tests once every three years and HPV tests once every five years are recommended[3], to check for cervical changes and the presence of high-risk types of HPV.

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